The article “Mesenchymal stem cells transplantation for perianal fistulas: a systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trials” explores the efficacy and safety of MSC therapy for complex perianal fistulas, including those associated with Crohn’s Disease (CD). The meta-analysis shows that MSC therapy is more effective than conventional treatments for short-, long-, and over-long-term follow-up phases. Factors like cell type, source, and dosage did not significantly influence outcomes. Local MSC therapy showed more promising results for CD-related fistulas.