The article “Advances in Mesenchymal Stem Cell Therapy for Osteoarthritis: From Preclinical and Clinical Perspectives” explores the use of MSCs in treating osteoarthritis (OA). MSCs, derived from sources like bone marrow and adipose tissue, show potential in limiting cartilage degradation through immunomodulation and secretion of active compounds. The review covers mechanisms, preclinical data, and clinical trial outcomes, highlighting MSCs’ promise in OA treatment and the need for further research to optimize therapeutic protocols.